ELDERS livestock production specialist Emma Shattock provides some timely top tips, strategies and targets on preparing ewes and rams for joining.
She said pre-joining ewe and ram preparation is vital to meet maximum conception rates and a tight joining.
“Good preparation starts from weaning but should be considered at least eight weeks before the rams are due to go out,” Ms Shattock said.
“Ideally, ewes should be at least condition score 3 at joining.
“This is best managed from weaning but needs to be checked at least two months before joining. This allows enough time to consider and execute supplementary feeding if needed.
“Five weeks before joining, ensure the ewes have a positive energy balance, i.e. ewes are getting more energy today than they were yesterday, and supplement with trace minerals and vitamins for better follicle development and embryo implantation.
“Also be sure to avoid stress in the last cycle prior to joining, during joining and for two weeks after the rams are removed.”
Ms Shattock said for maidens, ensure they are at a minimum of 85 per cent of the standard reference weight (weight of a mature dry sheep, condition score 3, off shears). For a 65kg ewe, this would be a minimum of 55kg.
She said research had shown ewes joined lighter than this at their first joining have reduced reproductive performance over their lifetime. The use of teasers in maidens may also help ensure a tighter joining.
“In rams, sperm production takes approximately seven weeks, so any nutritional supplements should be started at least eight weeks prior to joining,” Ms Shattock said.
“It is also important to avoid any major stressors in this time, such as shearing or flystrike, which reduce semen quality.”
Eight weeks before joining, consider the five Ts soundness examination:
• Torso – body condition score of at least 3, without being too fat.
• Teeth – sound mouth to eat properly.
• Toes – legs and hooves in good condition to walk and mate.
• Tossle – no damage or infection.
• Testes – firm with no lumps.
“Additionally, increase the ram’s dietary protein levels (but don’t overdo it). Consider supplementing with trace minerals and vitamins to boost sperm quality, and give booster clostridial vaccinations and drench if required,” Ms Shattock said.
“Then, two weeks prior, adapt rams to the grain or type of feed the ewes are on.
“Finally, check the ratios of rams to ewes, particularly for young ewes or large paddocks.”
